What are the methods for mirror polishing of titanium materials

One: grinding

Spread it with 80-mesh water sandpaper and squeeze out the air. The sandpaper is "pasted" on the polishing plate. Turn on the switch of the motor, and grind at the same time as water is supplied. Grind until there is no rough skin on the surface, and then grind it with 320-mesh sandpaper. , Grind the sand pattern to fine, after two minutes, change to 1200 mesh sandpaper to grind to make the surface of the product finer.

Two: polishing (rough polishing, medium polishing, fine polishing, mirror polishing)

1: Coarse polishing: use titanium alloy special hemp wheel or wool wheel and special permanent luminous titanium wax to polish to make the product surface smooth. Pay attention to the intensity of polishing and the direction of product polishing.

2: Medium polishing: Use a titanium alloy special polishing coarse cloth wheel or a fine wool wheel plus a titanium alloy special permanent luminous medium polishing wax to remove the lines left by the rough polishing, and the surface of the product will have brightness.

3: Fine polishing: use Grade 23 Ti-6Al-4V ELI Titanium Bar cotton cloth wheel and titanium alloy special permanent luminous fine polishing wax to make the titanium alloy product reach high brightness. There are some slight cloth patterns on the surface of the product.

4: Mirror polishing: Use a titanium alloy special loose bleached cotton cloth wheel and a titanium alloy special mirror polishing wax to remove the slight cloth patterns on the surface of the product, so that the AMS 4900 CP Titanium Plate mirror can be polished.

However, the above operations require professional polishing hands to meet the product polishing requirements, mainly related to the details of polishing strength, speed, direction, and so on.

Titanium alloy rod material milling processing and advantages

Titanium alloy has high strength, high fracture toughness, good corrosion resistance and weldability. As aircraft fuselages increasingly adopt composite structures, the proportion of titanium-based materials used in the fuselages will also increase, because the bonding properties of titanium and composite materials are far better than aluminum alloys. For example: Compared with aluminum alloy, titanium alloy can increase the life of the fuselage structure by 60%.

The extremely high strength/density ratio of titanium alloys (up to 20:1, which means that the weight can be reduced by 20%) provides a solution for reducing the weight of large components (this is the main challenge for aircraft designers). In addition, the inherent high corrosion resistance of titanium rectangular rod (compared to steel) can save the cost of daily operation and maintenance of aircraft.

Because it is more difficult to process than ordinary alloy steel, titanium alloys are generally considered to be difficult to process materials. The metal removal rate of a typical titanium alloy is only about 25% of that of most ordinary steel or stainless steel, so the time required to process a titanium alloy workpiece is about 4 times that of steel.

In order to meet the growing demand for titanium alloy processing in the aerospace industry, manufacturers need to increase production capacity, and therefore need to better understand the effectiveness of titanium alloy processing strategies. The processing of a typical 6al4v titanium rod workpiece starts from forging until 80% of the material is removed to obtain the final shape of the workpiece.

With the rapid growth of the aerospace parts market, manufacturers have felt powerless, coupled with the increased processing demand due to low efficiency, resulting in obvious tension in the processing capacity of titanium alloys. Some leading companies in the aviation manufacturing industry even publicly question whether the existing machining capabilities can complete all the processing tasks of new titanium alloy workpieces. Since these workpieces are usually made of new alloys, the processing methods and tool materials need to be changed.

Titanium alloy drawing plate deep formability of cylindrical parts drawing

The common deformation methods of Grade 3 Pure Titanium Plate can be summarized into five types: deep drawing, pulsation, flanging, bending and compound forming. However, it is difficult to make a typical test piece if a single drawing deformation method is used. Therefore, the compound deformation method is actually used in the test. In addition, the test will inevitably bring about the influence of mold structure and operating process factors, so the evaluation of sheet drawability is a lot of complicated knowledge. Guozhu’s research work mainly takes the limit drawing coefficient K (LDR) as an indicator, and proposes many evaluation methods from a variety of perspectives such as analysis, testing, and statistics, and solves many problems. However, most commonly used steel and aluminum are the main objects, so they must be modified and supplemented for use in Titanium Clad Copper Sheet and titanium alloys.

The drawing test method of cylindrical parts was proposed by Swift in 1940. It used the stepwise increase of wool to measure the limit drawing coefficient K value, and it was recommended as an international standard by the International Deep Drawing Research Association in 1967. This method has learned a lot The drawing performance of steel, aluminum and copper sheets.

When used in titanium, especially α and α+β titanium alloys, the following problems are mainly encountered:

a. Bending and cracking occurs at the four corners of the punch;

b. Wrinkles and cracks are generated at the round corners of the die.

This is caused by the poor bending and wrinkle resistance of the titanium alloy, and cannot fully explain its deep drawability. For example, TC4 and TA7 boards have poor deep drawing or impossible to draw.

Where is the titanium metal used in high-tech fields?

In daily life, we often hear that titanium is used in some high-precision fields, so what kind of tall metal is titanium? What is unique about it so that it is favored by top products? Today, I will give you a popular science, where is the titanium metal used in the high-tech field?

Titanium is a metal. Titanium looks like steel, with silver-gray luster. The titanium discovered by Gregor and Kraprot at the time was powdered titanium dioxide, not metallic titanium. Because the oxide of titanium is extremely stable, and metal titanium can directly and fiercely combine with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon, etc., elemental titanium is difficult to prepare. It was not until 1910 that the American chemist Hunter made the purity for the first time. Up to 99.9% metallic titanium.

Grade 5 Titanium Tube metal has the characteristics of low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, non-toxic and non-magnetic, weldable, good biocompatibility, and strong surface decoration. It is a lightweight, high-strength, corrosion-resistant Structural materials are widely used in high-precision fields such as aerospace, medical equipment, sporting goods, and precision products.

Titanium, which is widely used in high-precision fields, is also used on Braun's latest Braun luxury gold 9 series razor. It is reinforced by a titanium coating, which is strong and corrosion-resistant, while giving gentle care to the skin and reducing shaving. Skin is red and swollen when shaving.

The application of titanium in surgical procedures is also worth mentioning. Titanium is "biophilic". In the human body, it can resist the corrosion of secretions and is non-toxic, and it is suitable for any sterilization method. Therefore, it is widely used in the manufacture of medical equipment, artificial hip joints, knee joints, shoulder joints, flank joints, cranium, active heart valves, bone fixation clips

Before titanium, stainless steel bones were usually used. However, the use of stainless steel has a disadvantage, that is, it is very painful to take out the stainless steel sheet after the bone has healed. Otherwise, stainless steel will be harmful to the human body due to rust. If you switch to titanium "artificial bone", orthopedics technology will be completely changed. In the place where the bones are damaged, use Grade 1 Pure Titanium Plate and titanium screws. After a few months, the bones will re-grow in the small holes and screws of the titanium sheets. The new muscle fibers are wrapped in the titanium sheets, and the titanium bones look like real The bones are connected with flesh and blood, and play a role of support and reinforcement.

The characteristics of high strength and low density make titanium widely used in the field of sporting goods. High-quality bicycle frames and golf clubs are usually made of titanium, which is strong and durable.

Titanium is an ideal material for aircraft. Aircraft engines, bulletproof parts, strengthening parts, strengthening parts, combustion chambers, turbine shafts, turbine discs, nozzles, etc., are mostly made of titanium alloy materials, mainly because titanium is good Heat resistance.

With the development and utilization of titanium tubing for bike frame, it has been discovered that titanium is not only an ideal material for aviation equipment, but also a preferred material for building ships and submarines. Titanium has the reputation of "submerged metal". Titanium alloy is a hero who climbs into the sky and a hero who dives into the sea. When navigating in the deep sea, submarines have to withstand tremendous pressure. The deeper the dive, the greater the pressure. The shell of nuclear submarine is made of titanium alloy, and its diving depth is more than twice that of ordinary submarine.

Titanium has a strong resistance to acid and alkali corrosion. It will not corrode after 5 years of immersion in seawater, while steel will corrode and deteriorate in seawater. Titanium alloy is used to make the shell of the ship, and the seawater cannot corrode it. The submarine made of it is resistant to seawater corrosion and deep pressure, and its diving depth is 80% higher than that of the stainless steel submarine. At the same time, titanium is non-magnetic and will not be found by mines, and has a good anti-monitoring effect. Generally, steel submarines are easily crushed by water pressure when they dive more than 300 meters. The titanium submarine dives deeper than 300 meters, not only will not be crushed, but also can effectively avoid depth charges, showing the unique charm and excellent performance of the "titanium submarine".

It can be seen that as a lightweight, high-strength, corrosion-resistant material, titanium is widely used in high-tech fields such as aerospace, military weapons, medical equipment, sporting goods, high-end products, and construction, and more and more civilian fields are also beginning to use it. This metal, in a sense, the use of titanium has become synonymous with high-end.

The difference and use of white titanium mesh and black titanium mesh:

1. Common points of materials:

Both white titanium mesh and black titanium mesh are produced by pure titanium wire. The grade of ERTi-5 Titanium Welding Wire is usually TA1, which has the advantages of high elongation, high titanium content, high mechanical strength and easy processing.

2. Common points of craftsmanship

The processing methods and machinery are exactly the same—all are weaving with plain square holes, and the raw material wire diameter, material, elongation, tensile strength testing methods and testing instruments are the same. They are all produced by mechanical processing of shuttleless woven nets. Warp knitting, mesh leveling, and laser cutting processes are the same.

Third, the common points of packaging

The same packaging is used: the inner packaging is made of air bubble cushion for waterproofing, and the outer packaging is packed in a glued wooden box to prevent squeezing and collision.

Fourth, the only difference

The only difference is the surface: the white surface has no impurities, and the black surface has a layer of brushed graphite emulsion.

Five, use

The white titanium mesh surface does not contain any impurities. It is suitable for the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer ERTi-2 Pure Titanium Welding Wire anode, anodizing experiment, catalyst carrier support mesh, pure chemical liquid filter mesh and other non-contaminated solutions.

The surface of the black titanium mesh contains a brushed graphite emulsion coating, which is suitable for seawater desalination titanium filter and chemical filtration. The surface coating can slow down the corrosion of the titanium substrate and prolong the service life.

Precautions for installation and transportation of titanium pipes and titanium pipe fittings!

1. When installing titanium and titanium alloy pipes, please pay attention not to contact or collide with iron materials when transporting and storing titanium and bending titanium tubing.

2. The cutting of titanium and titanium pipes should adopt mechanical methods, and the cutting speed should be low; when titanium pipes are cut or reground with grinding wheels, special grinding wheels should be used; flame cutting should not be used, and the bevel should be processed by mechanical methods.

3. Inert gas shielded welding or vacuum welding should be used for the welding of titanium welded pipes. Oxygen-acetylene welding or carbon dioxide gas shielded welding should not be used, and ordinary manual arc welding should not be used.

4. When installing titanium and pipes, no iron tools and materials should be used to knock or squeeze; rubber plates or soft plastic plates should be padded between carbon steel supports, hangers and titanium, and titanium exhaust tubing to prevent them from interacting with each other. Titanium and titanium alloy pipelines are in direct contact; when titanium and titanium pipelines pass through walls and laminates, sleeves should be installed, the gap should not be less than 15mm, and the insulation should be filled. The insulation should not contain iron impurities.

5. Titanium and titanium pipes should not be directly welded to other metal pipes. When the connection is required, a loose flange connection can be used. The non-metallic gaskets used are generally rubber gaskets or plastic gaskets.

Corrosion resistance of titanium forgings and TA9 titanium alloy in atmospheric seawater environment

Titanium is a very active metal, its equilibrium potential is very low, and the thermodynamic corrosion tendency in the medium is high. But in fact, titanium is very stable in many media. This is because titanium has a high affinity for oxygen. In an oxygen-containing environment, a dense, strong adhesion and inert oxide film will be formed on the surface of Molybdenum Sputtering Target, thereby protecting the titanium matrix from Corroded; even if it is mechanically worn, it will quickly regenerate, which shows that titanium is a metal with a strong tendency to passivation. The outstanding performance of titanium is that it has extremely high corrosion resistance in fresh water and seawater. The corrosion resistance in seawater is better than aluminum alloy, stainless steel and nickel-based alloys. The dense oxide protective film with high chemical stability formed by titanium and oxygen ensures its high corrosion resistance in low and high temperature gases. At room temperature, titanium does not interact with chlorine, dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and chromic acid. It has high corrosion resistance in alkaline solutions and most organic acids and compounds, but it can be affected by hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, Molten alkali erosion.

Seawater contains more than 10 kinds of ions such as Na+, K+, Mg²+, Cl-, etc., which is highly corrosive. The materials used in the ocean should generally be able to withstand the corrosion of the ocean atmosphere, seawater, tides (atmosphere and seawater alternately) and sea creatures, and also withstand seawater erosion and periodic impact of waves, so the material should have good corrosion resistance And better comprehensive mechanical properties. In addition, if the equipment is to float in water, low density and high strength are also very important. Experiments show that steel, stainless steel, copper, and aluminum are all non-corrosive materials in the marine environment, and coatings or other protective measures must be used when using them. Only titanium is a structure that is very corrosion-resistant and does not need coating protection. Material. Seamless Titanium Tube Grade 2 is also a material conducive to obtaining the most buoyant structure. The static pressure of sea water increases by 10.1kPa for every increase of 1m of water depth. In order to make the shell strong enough at a given water depth, the wall thickness of the shell must be increased.

Although titanium is a thermodynamically unstable metal, its standard potential is -1.63V (SHE), but due to the passivation effect of the oxide film, its corrosion potential is largely positively shifted. The self-corrosion potential of drinking in natural water at 25°C is about 0.1V (SCE). The titanium film has very good self-healing properties. When the film is damaged, it can be quickly repaired and replaced into a new protective film. Therefore, titanium can maintain its state in oxygen-containing liquids and non-ion-containing solutions.

In the marine environment, the drink is resistant to both uniform corrosion and local corrosion. Laboratory and engineering practices have shown that titanium has not been tested for significant corrosion after many years of exposure to seawater at different depths. Even if there are encroachments on the surface of the drink, crevice corrosion and pitting corrosion will not occur. The presence of sulfides in seawater does not affect the corrosiveness of the drink. Grade 9 Ti-3Al-2.5V Titanium Sheet does not have corrosion problems in the ocean atmosphere, flying test area and tidal range. Titanium can resist the erosion of high-speed seawater. The suspended friction particles in the seawater are very harmful to copper or aluminum alloy, but have little effect on titanium. Titanium has been recognized as one of the best anti-cavitation corrosion metal materials in seawater. Because titanium is not toxic to marine organisms, marine organisms attach to the surface of titanium more commonly, the titanium under the marine organisms does not undergo crevice corrosion and pitting corrosion, and the surface still maintains the integrity of the corrosion-resistant oxide film. Titanium hardly occurs in seawater pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion, so titanium is the most suitable material for seawater. Therefore, whether it is in still seawater or high-speed flowing seawater, whether it is clean seawater or polluted seawater, or even seawater containing a lot of mud and sand, titanium can maintain its state of transformation and exhibit excellent corrosion resistance.