Reasons and characteristics of the inner edge of the titanium tube

Titanium rod barrel burnishing is to grind the parts and abrasives in dilute acid or dilute alkali with emulsifier (or corrosion inhibitor) and follow the rotation of the drum to obtain a bright appearance. It is suitable for the disposal of small parts and parts that are difficult to polish and polish. Correct selection of roller burnishing standards can improve productivity and quality

(1) The shape of the roller

The shape of the roller is round, hexagonal and octagonal, among which the polygonal shape is good for practicality. This is because the radii of the barrel wall from the axis are not equal, and there is a certain point of view, so the rolling parts are easy to change the position, the chance of collision with each other increases, the grinding is uniform, and the efficiency is high, which can shorten the rolling time.

(2) The size of the drum

The direct alignment is 50mm-100mm, and the length varies with the number of grids. The length of the first pattern roller is 600-800mm; the second pattern is 800-1500mm. Usually the larger one is better. This is because the parts are subjected to high pressure and friction in the drum, so the amount of cutting is also increased. But for those parts that are afraid of being stressed and easily deformed, a small roller can be used and the length of the roller can be increased.

1) Data for roller

There is a direct relationship between the rotation speed of the drum and the scraping amount of the parts within a certain range, that is, the faster the rotation speed, the greater the scraping of the metal surface. However, when the speed exceeds a certain upper limit, it drops instead. Because when the rotating speed is too fast, the centrifugal force of the parts in the drum increases, which reduces the friction. Usually it is appropriate to control at 45r/min.

2) Abrasives and solutions for roller burnishing

Abrasives for rolling include pumice, quartz, granite skin angles, shells, iron filings and ceramic fragments. The size of the abrasive particles should be larger or smaller than each hole of the Cen part. The amount of content in the drum is also an important factor affecting the quality of the agricultural surface of the parts. The amount of people inside the drum is usually 70% of the drum volume. Regarding heavier parts or threaded parts, the load should be controlled at 80%-90%. The solution in the drum should be added to about 95% of the drum volume (note: when adding acidic solution to the drum, you should add enough water first, and then add acid to avoid corrosion of parts during the tumbling process, because of the increase in time. , The concentration of the built-in solution gradually decreases, or even loses its effect. Therefore, the concentration of the solution should be checked and replaced at intervals. The burn-in time should not be too long, otherwise the parts will be damaged. That is, use a brush to remove the surface of the parts. Burr, terbium, residual oil and corrosion sludge, etc., and make the parts have a certain luster. Be sure to point out that elastic, rigid or thin-walled parts should be taken out in time after the finishing of rolling, otherwise it will easily cause hydrogen seepage or local over-corrosion .
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Technical requirements for the production of titanium alloy sheets

In the application of various titanium alloy products, titanium alloy forgings are mostly used in gas turbine compressor discs and medical artificial bones that require high strength, high toughness and high reliability. Therefore, not only high dimensional accuracy is required for titanium forgings, but also materials with excellent characteristics and high stability are required. The following mainly introduces 6 problems in titanium alloy flaw detection.

1. Segregation defects

In addition to β segregation, β spot, titanium-rich segregation and stripe α segregation, the most dangerous is interstitial α stable segregation (I type α segregation), which is often accompanied by small holes and cracks, containing oxygen, nitrogen and other gases. , The brittleness is greater. There are also aluminum-rich α stable segregation (type II α segregation), which is also accompanied by cracks and brittleness, which constitutes dangerous defects.

2. Inclusions

Most of them are metal inclusions with high melting point and high density. The high melting point and high density elements in the titanium alloy composition are not fully melted and left in the matrix (such as molybdenum inclusions). There are also cemented carbide tool chips mixed in the smelting raw materials (especially recycled materials) or improper electrode welding processes ( Titanium alloy smelting generally uses vacuum consumable electrode remelting method), such as tungsten arc welding, leaving high-density inclusions, such as tungsten inclusions, and titanium inclusions.

The existence of inclusions can easily lead to the occurrence and propagation of cracks, so it is a defect that is not allowed (for example, the Soviet Union's 1977 data stipulates that high-density inclusions with a diameter of 0.3 ~ 0.5 mm must be found in the X-ray inspection of titanium alloys. recording).

3. Residual shrinkage

In the central area of ​​the acid leaching test piece (in most cases), there are irregular wrinkle cracks or cavities, and there are often serious looseness, inclusions (slag inclusions) and component segregation on or near them.

4. Holes

The holes do not necessarily exist individually, but may also exist in multiple dense ones, which will accelerate the growth of low-cycle fatigue cracks and cause premature fatigue failure.

5. Cracks

Mainly refers to forging cracks. Titanium alloy has high viscosity, poor fluidity, and poor thermal conductivity. Therefore, during the forging deformation process, due to the large surface friction, the obvious internal deformation unevenness and the large internal and external temperature difference, it is easy to produce shear bands inside the forging ( Strain line), which leads to cracking in severe cases, and its orientation is generally along the direction of maximum deformation stress.

6. Overheating

Titanium alloys have poor thermal conductivity. In addition to overheating of forgings or raw materials caused by improper heating during hot working, the forging process is also prone to overheating due to thermal effects during deformation, causing microstructure changes and generating overheated Widmanstatten structures.
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Titanium alloy is more suitable for spacecraft manufacturing than steel

Titanium and titanium alloys have low density and high tensile strength. In the range of -253-600 degrees Celsius, its specific strength is almost the highest among metal materials. It can form a thin and hard oxide in a suitable oxidizing environment. The material film has excellent corrosion resistance. In addition, it is non-magnetic and has a small linear expansion coefficient. This makes titanium and its alloys first known as important aerospace structural materials, and then extended to shipbuilding, chemical industry, and other fields, and has been rapidly developed. Especially in the chemical industry, titanium and titanium alloy products are used in more and more products, such as petrochemical, fiber, pulp, fertilizer, electrochemistry, and seawater desalination industries, as exchangers, reaction towers, and synthesizers. Autoclave etc. Among them, the titanium plate is used as an electrolysis plate and an electrolytic cell in electrolysis and sewage desalination and is used as a tower body and a kettle body in the reaction tower and the reaction kettle.

With the development of science and technology, the application fields of titanium materials are becoming wider and wider, such as medical treatment, automobile, sports, etc. It also truly reflects that titanium, as light metal, has more and more excellent properties. It is recognized and determined by people, and it will replace other metals in our production and application fields, and even our body at the fastest speed.
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Three production processes of titanium rods

The specific strength of titanium alloy products is very high among metal structural materials. Its strength is equivalent to that of steel, but its weight is only 57% of that of rigid materials. In addition, titanium and titanium alloys have strong heat resistance, and can still maintain good strength and stability in the atmosphere at 500°C, and the short-term working temperature can even be higher. Titanium alloy has the characteristics of small specific gravity, high thermal strength, good thermal stability, and corrosion resistance, but the material is difficult to cut and has low processing efficiency. Therefore, how to overcome the difficulty of processing titanium alloys, and the difficulty of low efficiency has always been a problem for us.
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Titanium rod storage environment requirements

Titanium alloy materials for titanium alloy screws are closely related to the manufacturing process and uses of titanium alloy screws. On the one hand, the manufacturing process of titanium alloy screws mainly includes three parts: first, plastic deformation, such as upsetting, reducing and thread rolling, etc.; second, surface strengthening, such as strengthening the bolt bearing surface and the transition zone of the straight rod; finally, Mechanical processing, such as turning, milling and grinding. On the other hand, the purpose of titanium alloy screws is different, and the performance requirements of the required materials are also different, which requires the use of different titanium alloy materials. Taking rivets and bolts as examples, rivets need to be upset at one or both ends during the installation process, so the riveting process requires higher plasticity of the material. Bolts generally require high strength, and their strength level is close to that of 30CrMnSiA high-strength alloy steel, so high-strength titanium alloy materials are usually used. Based on the above two factors, the titanium alloy materials used for titanium alloy screws are also mainly divided into three types: industrial pure titanium, (α+β) type and β type titanium alloy, see Table 2 for details. It can be seen from Table 2 that the industrial pure titanium is mainly TA1 and TA2. (α+β) titanium alloys mainly include TC4, TC6, and Ti-662. β-type titanium alloys are mainly meta-stable β-type titanium alloys because the molybdenum equivalent of meta-stable β-type titanium alloys is generally about 10%. The near-beta titanium alloy with a molybdenum equivalent of less than 10% has insufficient heat treatment strengthening effect; the stable beta-type titanium alloy with a molybdenum equivalent greater than 10% will have high β-phase stability during the aging heat treatment process, and it is difficult to decompose, so meta-stable β-type titanium The strengthening effect of alloy materials is the most obvious. In addition, the metastable β-type titanium alloy has excellent cold formability and can be cold-headed, avoiding the use of professional heating equipment and gas protection media, high production efficiency, and material utilization, and the formed titanium alloy screw has high dimensional accuracy and surface Good quality. The (α+β) type titanium alloy titanium alloy screw can only be formed by hot upsetting, which requires special heating equipment and gas medium, low production efficiency and material utilization, and it is also prone to uneven heating temperature.
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Characteristics and functions of Gr5 titanium tube and titanium alloy tube

Radiographic flaw detection is a method of flaw detection using the penetrability and linearity of rays. Although these rays are not directly detectable by the naked eye like visible light, they can be used to sensitize the photographic film and can also be received by a special receiver. The rays commonly used for flaw detection include x-ray and gamma rays emitted by isotope, which are called x-ray flaw detection and γ-ray flaw detection, respectively. When these rays penetrate (irradiate) a substance, the greater the density of the substance, the more the intensity of the rays decreases, that is, the lower the intensity of the rays that can penetrate the substance. At this time, if you use a photographic film to receive, the light sensitivity of the film is small; if you use an instrument to receive, the signal obtained is weak. Therefore, when radiation is used to irradiate the parts to be inspected, if there are defects such as pores, slag inclusions, etc., the material density of the radiation passing through the defective path is much smaller than that of the non-defective path, and its strength is The weaker is less, that is, the intensity of the transmission is greater. If the film is used to receive, the light sensitivity is greater, and the plane projection of the defect perpendicular to the direction of the ray can be reflected on the film; the same can be done if other receivers are used. Use meters to reflect the plane projection of the defect perpendicular to the ray direction and the amount of ray transmission. It can be seen that, under normal circumstances, it is not easy to find cracks in radiographic inspection, or in other words, radiographic inspection is not sensitive to cracks.

Therefore, radiographic inspection is most sensitive to volumetric defects such as pores, slag inclusions, and incomplete penetration. That is, radiographic flaw detection is suitable for volume-type flaw detection, but not suitable for area-type flaw detection.
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What are the characteristics of seamless titanium tubes?

In the titanium alloy screw mold manufacturing process, the smoothing and mirroring after the shape processing is called the part surface grinding and polishing processing, which is an important process to improve the quality of the mold.

Mastering a reasonable polishing method can improve the quality and service life of titanium alloy screw molds, thereby improving product quality.

Mechanical polishing is a polishing method that removes protrusions on the surface of the workpiece by cutting or plastic deformation of the material surface to obtain a smooth surface. Generally, oil stone sticks, wool wheels, sandpaper, etc. are used. Manual operation is the main method. Those with high surface quality requirements can be used. The method of super-precision polishing. Ultra-precision polishing is the use of special abrasive tools, which are pressed against the processed surface of the workpiece in a polishing fluid containing abrasives for high-speed rotation. The surface roughness of Ra0.008 μm can be achieved by using this technology, which is the best surface roughness among various polishing methods. Optical lens molds often use this method. Mechanical polishing is the main method of mold polishing.

2. Chemical polishing

Chemical polishing is the process of dissolving the microscopically protruding part of the surface in a chemical medium preferentially than the concave part, so as to obtain a smooth surface. The method can polish workpieces with complex shapes, and can polish many workpieces at the same time, with high efficiency. The surface roughness obtained by chemical polishing is generally Ra10 μm.

3. Electrolytic polishing

The basic principle of electrolytic polishing is the same as that of chemical polishing, that is, it relies on the selective dissolution of small protrusions on the surface of the material to make the surface smooth. Compared with chemical polishing, it can eliminate the influence of cathode reaction, and the effect is better.

4. Ultrasonic polishing

Ultrasonic polishing is a processing method that uses the tool section to make ultrasonic vibrations and polishes brittle and hard materials through abrasive suspensions. Put the workpiece in the abrasive suspension and put it together in the ultrasonic field, relying on the oscillation effect of the ultrasonic, so that the abrasive is ground and polished on the surface of the workpiece. Ultrasonic machining has a small macroscopic force and will not cause deformation of the workpiece, but it is difficult to manufacture and install tooling.

5. Fluid polishing

Fluid polishing relies on flowing liquid and the abrasive particles carried by it to wash the surface of the workpiece to achieve the purpose of polishing. Hydrodynamic grinding is driven by hydraulic pressure. The medium is mainly made of special compounds (polymer-like substances) with good flowability under lower pressure and mixed with abrasives. The abrasives can be made of silicon carbide powder.

6. Magnetic grinding and polishing

Magnetic abrasive polishing is to use magnetic abrasives to form abrasive brushes under the action of a magnetic field to grind the workpiece. This method has high processing efficiency, good quality and easy control of processing conditions. Using suitable abrasives, the processed surface roughness can reach Ra0.1 μm.

7. EDM ultrasonic composite polishing

In order to improve the polishing speed of the workpiece with a surface roughness Ra of 1.6 μm or more, ultrasonic and a special high-frequency narrow pulse high-peak current pulse power supply are used for composite polishing. The corrosion of ultrasonic vibration and electric pulse acts on the surface of the workpiece at the same time, which rapidly reduces Its surface roughness is very effective in polishing the rough surface of the mold after machining by turning, milling, EDM and wire cutting.
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