Notes on installation and transportation of titanium pipes and titanium fittings:

1. Titanium and titanium alloy pipe installation Titanium pipe manufacturers should pay attention not to contact or collide with ferrous materials during transportation and storage of titanium and titanium alloy pipes.

2. Titanium and titanium alloy tubes should be cut by mechanical methods, and the cutting speed should be low. When cutting or repairing titanium tubes with a grinding wheel, special wheels should be used; flame cutting is not allowed. The groove should be machined.

3. Titanium alloy welded pipes shall be welded by inert gas shielded welding or vacuum welding. Oxy-acetylene welding or carbon dioxide gas shielded welding shall not be used. Ordinary manual arc welding shall not be used.

4. Titanium and titanium alloy pipes must not be struck and squeezed with iron tools and materials during installation; rubber plates or soft plastic plates should be inserted between carbon steel supports and hangers and titanium and titanium alloy pipes to make them Not in direct contact with titanium and titanium alloy pipelines; titanium and titanium alloy pipelines should be installed with bushings when passing through walls and floor slabs, the gap should not be less than 10mm, and insulation should be filled, and the insulation should not contain iron impurities.

5. Titanium and titanium alloy pipes should not be directly welded to other metal pipes. When connection is required, a looper flange connection can be used. The non-metal gasket used is generally a rubber or plastic pad, and the chloride ion content should be controlled to not exceed 25ppm

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Background of titanium and alloy materials in marine applications

As we all know, the area of ​​the ocean occupies 70% of the earth's area. The ocean is rich in resources, including marine fish that we consume daily, industrial oil and gas resources, the use of energy contained in alternating seawater tides, and many deep oceans to be detected Creatures and resources in unknown areas. Being able to make good use of the ocean efficiently will be the greatest wealth of mankind. However, in the course of marine development and exploration, the high salinity of seawater, biological pollution, and corrosiveness has caused us a lot of trouble on the planet. The advantages and characteristics of titanium and titanium alloy materials in the marine field have a bright future. come out.

Titanium is a material with excellent physical properties and stable chemical properties. Titanium and its alloys have high strength, low specific gravity, resistance to seawater corrosion and marine atmosphere corrosion, and can well meet the requirements of people in marine engineering applications. After years of efforts by titanium industry professionals and marine engineering application researchers, titanium has been widely used in marine oil and gas development, harbor construction, coastal power stations, desalination, ships, marine fisheries, and marine thermal energy conversion. Nowadays, titanium for marine engineering has become one of the main fields of titanium civil applications.

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TA10 (American Standard Gr12)

TA10 grade titanium has an "excellent" grade due to its high quality solderability. It is a highly durable alloy that provides great strength at high temperatures. TA10 grade titanium has similar characteristics to 300 series stainless steel.
The alloy can be hot or cold formed by pressing, hydroforming, stretch forming or drop weight method. Its ability to form in various ways makes it useful in many applications. The high corrosion resistance of this alloy also makes it invaluable for manufacturing equipment where crevice corrosion is required. TA10 grade can be used in the following industries and applications:
Shell and heat exchanger
Hydrometallurgical applications
High-temperature chemical manufacturing
Shipping and ticket components
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What are the characteristics of molybdenum targets? Molybdenum target purity

Because molybdenum has a high melting point, high electrical conductivity, low specific resistance, and good corrosion resistance and environmental protection, molybdenum targets are widely used in the electronics industry, such as flat panel displays, thin-film solar cells, Wire material, Sifeng Xiaobian will introduce you the characteristics of molybdenum target.

1.High purity

The higher the purity of the molybdenum target, the better the performance of the sputtered film. Generally, the purity of the molybdenum sputtering target needs to be at least 99.95%. However, as the size of glass substrates in the LCD industry continues to increase, the length of wiring and the width of wires have to be reduced. In order to ensure the uniformity of the film and the quality of the wiring, the requirements for the purity of molybdenum sputtering targets have also increased accordingly. Therefore, according to the size of the sputtered glass substrate and the use environment, the purity of the molybdenum sputtering target is required to be 99.99% -99.999% or higher.

2.High density

During the sputtering coating process, when a relatively dense sputtering target is bombarded, a large-sized target particle or particle splashes due to the sudden release of gas existing in the pores inside the target, or the film is subjected to Sub-electron bombardment causes particles to splash, and the presence of these particles will degrade the film quality. In order to reduce the pores in the target solid and improve the film performance, the sputtering target is generally required to have a high density. For molybdenum sputtering targets, the relative density should be above 98%.

3.Grain size

Generally, the molybdenum sputtering target has a polycrystalline structure, and the grain size can be on the order of micrometers to millimeters. Experimental studies have shown that the sputtering rate of fine-grained targets is faster than that of coarse-grained targets, and the thickness distribution of the deposited films is more uniform for targets with smaller grain size differences.

4. Crystallization direction

Because the target atoms are easily sputtered along the direction of the hexagonal close arrangement of atoms during sputtering, in order to achieve the sputtering rate, the sputtering rate is often increased by changing the crystal structure of the target. The crystal orientation of the target also has a large effect on the thickness uniformity of the sputtered film layer. Therefore, obtaining a target structure with a certain crystal orientation is very important for the sputtering process of the thin film.

5, thermal conductivity

Generally, the molybdenum sputtering target must be connected with the oxygen-free copper (or other materials) chassis before sputtering, so that the target and the chassis have good thermal conductivity during the sputtering process. After the binding, the ultrasonic inspection must be performed to ensure that the uncombined area of ​​the two is less than 2%, so as to meet the requirements of high-power sputtering without falling off.

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What are the properties and uses of TC11 titanium alloy rods?

As a stable metal, TC11 titanium alloy rod has the characteristics of high hardness, low density, and good corrosion resistance. Because of these excellent properties of titanium, we will fuse TC11 titanium alloy with other metals to make titanium. Alloy rods not only have the original characteristics of titanium, but also some new characteristics.

TC11 titanium alloy rods have high strength, low density, good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, high stability and other effects, but the more stable the metal, the more difficult it is to process. Therefore, the process of producing titanium alloy rods is more complicated and the cost is higher. High, so the earliest titanium alloy rods were mainly used in aircraft engine parts, as well as rockets, missile flight parts, etc. In addition, the main application fields of titanium alloy rods are military, scientific research, made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant parts, Very few people can use it.

With the continuous development of technology, the cost of titanium alloy rods has been reduced a lot, and it can be used in industry, construction, and civilian use. The high-quality properties of titanium alloy rods have led to the popularity of titanium products.

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Application of titanium rod, titanium wire and titanium plate in the shipbuilding industry

Nuclear submarines, deep submarines, atomic icebreakers, hydrofoil vessels, hovercraft, and minesweepers use titanium rods, titanium plates, propellers made of titanium wire, submarine whip antennas, seawater pipelines, condensers and heat Switches, acoustic devices, fire fighting equipment, etc. The main applications of titanium alloys are industrial pure titanium, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-4VELI, Ti-6Al-2Nb-1Ta-0.8Mo, Ti-3Al-2.5V, and ЛT-3B alloy [Ti- (3.5 ～ 5.0) Al- (1.2 ～ 2.5) V], T-7M [Ti- (1.8 ～ 2.5) Al- (2.0 ～ 3.0) Zr].
In addition, titanium nickel alloys with shape memory characteristics have been used as pipe joints in submarines. This is very practical when using memory alloys as joints in seawater when it is difficult to weld by ordinary methods.
Deep-sea vessels used for mining manganese nodules in the ocean in the United States are prepared to use titanium rods. A deep-sea vessel uses hundreds of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy rods to produce large-caliber thick-walled pipes with a thickness of 10mm and a diameter of 250mm. Deep-sea marine pumps for mining manganese nodules are used to salvage seawater with manganese blocks under vacuum pressure. This pump requires resistance to seawater pressure of 5000-6000m deep, and also requires resistance to corrosion and friction. Titanium is suitable for manufacturing such pumps. material.
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Development Trend of Fine Titanium Tube

1. Highly demanding chemical composition, which is the basis for the promotion of the quality of ordinary titanium tubes (functional stability, user heat treatment and stability, functional stability after processing product parts).
2. High purity, can improve fatigue life, refine the arrangement of titanium tube, and refine the phase arrangement of γ-α. (N, H, O content is low, impurities are scattered slightly, harmful element content is low, heavy metal content is low).
3. Outstanding appearance quality (without affecting the user's appearance defects: cracks, subcutaneous bubbles, subcutaneous doping, decarburization layer, etc.).
4, high shape and scale accuracy (more than five-thousandths of the diameter).
5, fine and uniform low magnification arrangement (segregation, looseness and other shortcomings). The concept of heating the rolled titanium tube is not only to improve the hot working function but also to control the uniformity of the composition.
6. Ambitious metallographic arrangement (to be satisfied with the subsequent cold drawing, cold processing, cold heading, etc.).
The future development trend of capillary titanium tube skills:
1. Skills: Develop special titanium tubes with high efficiency and compactness, low-cost skills, process skills, contact skills, and low-cost processing skills.
2. Commodities: develop high-quality, high-function, high-precision, long-life products, and develop resource-saving titanium tube types (rarely use rare metal elements). The development components are simply arranged and disordered, the potential of existing titanium tube types is explored, and low-cost titanium tube types are developed.
3. Environmental protection: develop innovative products that are easy to recover, do not pollute, reduce emissions, save resources, and sustainably develop.
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Effect of Titanium Casting Thickness on Surface Hardness

The main measure to eliminate cold barriers or flow marks is to use the correct pouring system to prevent two or more metal flows from converging, or turbulence and interruption when filling the mold with liquid titanium. In gravity casting, it is recommended to use bottom casting system as much as possible, so as to avoid or reduce the occurrence of cold separation or flow marks on the casting surface.

In order to obtain a casting with a smooth surface and a complete filling, centrifugal casting is usually used. At this time, the flow velocity of liquid titanium from the bypass into the cavity is very large, and it is easy to produce strong splashes. It is difficult to completely avoid cold partitions or flow marks. In this case, more attention should be paid to the process design of the casting, using a reasonable casting process, a correct casting system, avoiding reverse metal flow in the cavity, eliminating metal splashes as much as possible, and improving metal liquids where possible. Pouring temperature.

Effect of wall thickness of titanium castings on microhardness (degree of surface contamination) of the surface layer. Castings cast in the same mold, the thicker the casting, the more contaminated the surface layer. For castings with a wall thickness (greater than 10mm), it is not advisable to preheat the mold to too high temperature before pouring. Some literature pointed out that when the wall thickness of the casting is below 10mm, the effect of the wall thickness of the casting on the surface roughness of the casting is not very obvious. The contamination layer on the surface of the casting is mainly caused by the mutual reaction between titanium and the mold and the adsorption of gas on the surface of the mold, among which oxygen is the most harmful.

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Three basic processes of titanium processing

(1) Anterior procedure: Extracting sponge titanium from titanium ore.
Chlorination: TiO2 + C + 2Cl2 = TiCl4 + CO2
Reduction: Clause TiCl4 ＋ 2Mg = 2MgC12 ＋ Ti; Hunter method TiCl4 ＋ 4Na = 4NaC1 ＋ Ti
(2) Middle process: sponge titanium → titanium ingot.
(3) The next step: titanium ingot → titanium material.
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Titanium plate manufacturing process and characteristics

Titanium plate manufacturing process Hot forging process performed above the metal recrystallization temperature.

Hot rolling is a rolling process performed at a temperature above recrystallization.

Rolling process in which the plastic deformation temperature of the cold-rolled concrete is lower than the recovery temperature.

Annealing: A metal heat treatment process that slowly heats a metal to a certain temperature, holds it for a sufficient time, and then cools it at a suitable rate (usually slow cooling, sometimes controlled cooling).

Pickling: The product is immersed in an aqueous solution such as sulfuric acid to remove thin films such as oxides on the metal surface. Pre-treatment or intermediate treatment of electroplating, enamel, rolling and other processes

Features of titanium plate

1. Titanium seed plate is an oxide film on the surface, which is equivalent to a good durable abrasion-resistant hair release agent. Using titanium seed plate saves the release agent and makes the electrode plate

The peeling is easy, and the pre-treatment process of the seed plate is avoided. The titanium seed plate is half lighter than the copper seed plate.

2. The service life of titanium seed board is more than 3 times that of copper seed board. Depending on the operating conditions, it can reach 10 to 20 years.

3. The crystal structure of electrolytic copper made from titanium seed plate is dense, the surface is smooth and smooth, and the quality is excellent.

4. As the titanium seed board does not need to be coated with a separating agent, it can avoid the contamination of the copper electrolyte.

5. Increasing production capacity and reducing the production cost of electrolytic copper, which has better economic benefits.
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What to do if the titanium alloy shelf fades

Titanium alloy shelves are widely used as high-end shelves in large shopping malls, supermarkets, and exhibitions. In order to match titanium alloy shelves with products and make them more beautiful and attractive, customers will require titanium alloy shelf manufacturers to paint their surfaces. However, in order to reduce the cost of painting, some manufacturers will use inferior paint for coloring, and over time, the paint will fade out. What should we do about this situation? Here, the personnel  tells you the solution:

In addition to the repainting of the color base of titanium alloy shelves, in addition to repainting, it is required that when the surface treatment is performed, the profiles that are strictly treated by electrophoretic dusting are used, and it is best to use aluminum ingots to be extruded by professional abrasive tools. Follow this step. The advantage of this is that the super corrosion resistance and surface decay can effectively prevent corrosion of other decorations such as acids, alkalis, salts, etc. After repeated verifications such as rain and sun, the colors are bright and feel good. Users can choose the color of the main skeleton and the color of the locker panel as a whole while choosing the titanium alloy display rack according to their preferences. They can also match the overall store and decoration colors according to the display needs of the product. In actual use, the specifications of Different sizes and styles will have different display effects.

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What is the difference between titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy? Which is the best?

1, titanium alloy

Titanium alloy is an alloy composed of titanium and other elements. Titanium has two kinds of homogeneous crystals: α-titanium with a close-packed hexagonal structure below 882 ° C, and β-titanium with a body-centered cube above 882 ° C. Alloying elements can be divided into three categories according to their influence on the phase transition temperature: ① The element that stabilizes the α phase and increases the phase transition temperature is the α stable element, which includes aluminum, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. Among them, aluminum is the main alloying element of titanium alloy, which has obvious effects on improving the normal temperature and high-temperature strength of the alloy, reducing the specific gravity, and increasing the elastic modulus. ② The element that stabilizes the β phase and reduces the phase transition temperature is the β stable element, and can be divided into two types: isomorphic and eutectoid. The former includes molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, etc .; the latter includes chromium, manganese, copper, iron, silicon, etc. ③ The elements that have little effect on the phase transition temperature are neutral elements, such as zirconium and tin.

2, aluminum alloy

Generic term for aluminum-based alloys. The main alloying elements are copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc, and manganese, and the minor alloying elements are nickel, iron, titanium, chromium, and lithium.

Aluminum alloy has low density, but high specific strength, close to or exceeding high-quality steel, good plasticity, can be processed into various profiles, has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in industry. Its usage is second only to steel .

There are two types of aluminum alloys: cast aluminum alloys, which are used in the as-cast state; deformed aluminum alloys, which can withstand pressure processing, have higher mechanical properties than the as-cast state. It can be processed into various shapes and specifications of aluminum alloy materials. Mainly used in the manufacture of aviation equipment, daily necessities, construction windows and doors.

Aluminum alloys can be divided into deformed aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys according to processing methods. Deformed aluminum alloys are divided into non-heat-treatment-reinforced aluminum alloys and heat-treatment-reinforced aluminum alloys. The non-heat-treatment-reinforced type cannot improve mechanical properties through heat treatment, and can only be strengthened through cold working deformation. It mainly includes high-purity aluminum, industrial high-purity aluminum, industrial pure aluminum, and rust-proof aluminum. Heat-treatment-reinforced aluminum alloys can be improved in mechanical properties through heat treatment methods such as quenching and aging. It can be divided into hard aluminum, wrought aluminum, super-hard aluminum, and special aluminum alloys.

Aluminum alloy can be heat treated to obtain good mechanical properties, physical properties and corrosion resistance.

According to chemical composition, cast aluminum alloy can be divided into aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum-magnesium alloy and aluminum-zinc alloy.

3, magnesium alloy

Alloys based on magnesium and other elements. Its characteristics are: low density (about 1.8g / cm3), high specific strength, large elastic modulus, good shock absorption, greater impact load capacity than aluminum alloy, and good resistance to organic and alkali corrosion. The main alloying elements are aluminum, zinc, manganese, cerium, hafnium, and a small amount of zirconium or cadmium. At present, the most widely used are magnesium aluminum alloys, followed by magnesium manganese alloys and magnesium zinc zirconium alloys. Mainly used in aviation, aerospace, transportation, chemical, rocket and other industrial sectors. According to the forming method, it is divided into two types: deformed magnesium alloy and cast magnesium alloy.

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Overview of the development and application characteristics of medical titanium rods and biological titanium alloy materials in China

Titanium is a very common substance, and the purity of sponge titanium can reach 99.9%. The physical and chemical properties of titanium alloy products are very stable, they will not be absorbed by the human body, they will not chemically react with body fluids and medicines, they will not ionize, and they will not react with the human musculoskeletal. Pro-metals. " Because titanium is "biological", it is resistant to the corrosion of secretions and is non-toxic in the human body. It is suitable for any sterilization method. Therefore, it is widely used in manufacturing medical equipment, manufacturing human hip joints, knee joints, shoulder joints, flank joints, craniums, active heart valves, and bone fixing clips.

Metal materials are the earliest biomedical materials used in clinical medicine. At present, metal materials used in surgical implants and orthopedic devices mainly include three series of stainless steel, cobalt-based alloys, and titanium alloys. They account for 40% of the total biomaterial product market share. %. Among them, titanium alloys have been widely used in human hard tissues (including all bones and teeth in the human trunk) for repairs, orthotics, and replacements for defects, trauma, and diseases. Since the middle of the 20th century, titanium-based medical metal materials have begun to show in the surgical implantation of human hard tissues and the interventional treatment of human soft tissues (including cardio-cerebral vessels, peripheral vessels, and non-vascular vessels such as the liver, biliary tract, and urethra). It has unique and magical effects, and the development, production, and application of titanium alloy materials for medical devices in China, such as titanium alloy artificial joints, dental implants, endovascular stent, and heart valves, and the emergence of typical medical device products. The development of medicine has epoch-making significance and revolutionary contributions, making clinical treatments from simple and simple “repair and orthopedic” treatments to higher-level “alternative” treatments of tissues and organs, greatly improving and improving people ’s lives. The quality has overcome the shortage of relying solely on medication for major diseases in the past.

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