How to improve the corrosion resistance of TC4 titanium alloy

PdO-TiO2 and RuO2-Ti02 coatings can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of TC4 titanium alloy, especially the crevice corrosion resistance. The usual method is to apply a solution containing chlorinated fertilizer and titanium trichloride to the surface of the titanium alloy by brushing, and then thermally oxidize it at 500-700°C for tens of minutes after drying, and finally transform it into an oxide coating. The above operation is repeated several times until the weight gain of the coating reaches 1g/m2. The mass ratio of PdO and TiO2 in the coating is usually 7:3. The TC4 titanium alloy with this coating can form very light adhesion, and its technical know-how lies in the preparation of the solution. The acid solution corrodes the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy and generates a hydride layer, which is oxidized and decomposed by high temperature, which is the key to obtain excellent adhesion of the oxide coating.

The corrosion rate of pure titanium with PdO-TiO coating and pure titanium in 70% hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid can be seen: PdO-Ti02 coating can significantly improve the candle resistance of titanium in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid towels. Especially for phosphoric acid, the corrosion rate of the coating is stable, and almost increases with the increase of the acid content. The crevice corrosion resistance of the coating is also shown in table form. For the boiling sodium chloride solution, under the condition of 3 kinds of NaCl mass fractions (each mass fraction is adjusted to 3 pH values), using the opposite test method, the coating sample does not have crevice corrosion. Even in a 12% sodium chloride solution, a mass fraction of 47% is not a cause of crevice corrosion. Crevice corrosion occurs only in 42% boiling magnesium chloride solution. For industrial pure titanium, crevice corrosion can be seen in all the above solutions.

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Why is titanium alloy so suitable for submarines? What are its advantages?

With the development of naval equipment, the requirements for naval equipment are getting higher and higher, and traditional steel, iron, aluminum, magnesium and other metals and their alloys can no longer meet the requirements in many fields. Titanium alloys are receiving increasing attention from ships and marine engineering equipment due to their excellent properties and are called "marine metals". As the core of "naval equipment", submarines are the backbone of strategic nuclear forces and play a pivotal role. Can the use of titanium alloys to make submarines bring new breakthroughs in performance to submarines?

Specific strength refers to the ratio of material strength to density. The greater the specific strength, the smaller the structural weight can be obtained with the same strength design, and the higher the strength can be obtained with the same structural quality. The high specific strength can make the equipment design more compact, greatly reduce the structural quality, and improve the safety of the equipment.

The effect of high specific strength on pressure shell

When the submarine structure is timed, the submarine's ultimate diving depth is proportional to the product of the yield strength of the shell material and the shell thickness. Increasing the diving depth by thickening the pressure shell will reduce the effective load of the submarine. If the effective load is maintained, the size of the submarine will be increased to the extent that it cannot be used, thereby reducing the overall performance of the submarine. Therefore, we must consider the use of higher specific strength materials.

Although the yield strength of titanium alloy is not as good as that of high-strength steel, it has a lower density and higher specific strength. It is the best among several materials currently available for submarine shells. Therefore, titanium alloy is used for submarine and deep submersible The pressure shell material is very advantageous.

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Development characteristics of titanium alloy materials and titanium product processing technology

Due to the high manufacturing cost of titanium alloys, in order to reduce costs, the competitiveness of titanium alloys in the entire metal material market has been improved at a lower price. It is generally believed that titanium has incomparable superior performance compared to other materials, but the price of titanium often discourages consumers (especially car manufacturers). The emergence of high-quality, low-cost titanium alloys will certainly help the popularization and application of titanium and titanium alloys.

Judging from the application status at home and abroad and the development of titanium processing technology, the plastic processing technology of titanium and titanium alloys will develop in the following directions in the future:

1) High performance, that is, the development of alloys with higher service temperature, higher specific strength, higher specific modulus, better corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

2) Multi-function, namely the development of titanium alloys with various special functions and uses, such as high damping, low expansion, constant resistance, high resistance, resistance to electrolytic passivation and hydrogen storage, shape memory, superconductivity, low modulus biomedical Other titanium alloys, and further expand the application of titanium and titanium alloys.

3) Deepen the research of traditional alloys, improve the practical performance of existing alloys, and expand the application range of traditional alloys through the improvement of equipment and processes.

4) Adopt advanced processing technology and large-scale continuous processing equipment to develop continuous processing technology, direct rolling technology, cold forming technology and near-net forming technology to improve the production efficiency, yield and product performance of titanium alloys.

5) Reduce costs, develop alloys that contain no or almost no precious metal elements, and add cheap elements such as iron, oxygen and nitrogen, and develop titanium alloys that are easy to process and shape, easy to cut, and have cheap alloy elements and master alloys. Develop titanium alloys and use banned materials to increase the recovery rate and utilization rate of banned titanium. This is particularly important for reducing the cost of civilian titanium alloys.

6) Use advanced computer technology to simulate the deformation and processing of the workpiece, predict the evolution of the metal microstructure, and even predict the mechanical properties of the product (yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, hardness, etc.). ), and design or improve molds and tooling; analyze and process test results, reduce test volume, improve work efficiency, and reduce development costs.

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The main factors affecting the quality of titanium alloy seamless pipes

There are many types of titanium alloys, and pipe processing techniques and methods are different, and there are many factors that affect the quality of pipes. Starting from the smelting and preparation of titanium alloys, the content of impurity elements (such as O, C, N) has a certain impact on the structure and performance of the finished titanium alloy pipe. Generally, a high interstitial element content will increase the strength of the pipe and reduce the plasticity. The choice of preparation method also greatly affects the performance of the titanium tube. For example, the extruded tube billet has fine grains and good comprehensive properties, and the cross-rolled perforated tube billet has coarse grains, unevenness and often high-temperature deformation structures. The former is easier for subsequent tube processing. The preparation method can also affect the residual stress state of the pipe and can improve the fatigue limit and stress corrosion resistance when the pipe has residual compressive stress.

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Application and characteristics of titanium alloy in automobiles

Titanium alloy is a new type of structural and functional material. It has excellent comprehensive properties, low density and high specific strength. The density of titanium is 4.51g/cm3, which is between aluminum (2.7g/cm3) and iron (7.6g/cm3). The specific strength of titanium alloy is higher than that of aluminum alloy and steel, and the toughness is equivalent to that of steel. Titanium and titanium alloys have good corrosion resistance, better than stainless steel, especially in the marine atmosphere, they resist the corrosion of chloride ions and have good corrosion resistance in a micro-oxidizing atmosphere. The working temperature of titanium alloys is wide, and low-temperature titanium alloys are at -253℃ It can also maintain good plasticity, and the working temperature of heat-resistant titanium alloy can reach about 550℃, and its heat resistance is significantly higher than that of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy. At the same time, it has good processability and welding performance.

The excellent properties of titanium and titanium alloys have attracted the attention of various cutting-edge industries since the industrial production of titanium. With the start of the titanium industry, in the mid-1950s, titanium entered the automobile industry. Entering the 1990s, with the global energy shortage and the strengthening of people’s environmental awareness, especially in the automotive industry, the United States, Japan, and Europe have successively promulgated a series of ecological regulations to regulate fuel efficiency, CO2 emissions, vehicle weight reduction, The safety and reliability of automobiles put forward higher requirements. Many developed countries and well-known automobile manufacturers are actively developing and increasing their research investment in titanium for automobiles. Provides powerful power for automotive titanium. In the new century, my country's titanium industry has gradually entered the automotive field.

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Application and advantages of medical titanium alloys in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular repair materials

Examples of the application of titanium and titanium alloys in the human cardiovascular system include artificial heart valves, blood filters, pacemakers and artificial heart pumps.

The main advantages are:

 ① High strength, good chemical stability, and excellent biocompatibility;

 ② Titanium is non-magnetic, and seldom produces false images in the magnetic resonance spectrum MRI;

 ③ The elasticity and shape recovery function of NiTi memory alloy is very suitable for medical applications. NiTi alloy is martensitic at low temperature (near zero) and can easily become a shape that is easy to be introduced into the human body. When the temperature rises to body temperature Reverse phase transition will occur at the time, so as to return to the original set shape and produce a larger restoring force for orthopedic and support. In recent years, the application of NiTi shape memory alloy in vascular stents has attracted much attention. However, NiTi alloys may dissolve Ni ions under physiological conditions, thereby inducing toxicity and inflammatory reactions. To this end, researchers have conducted a large number of surface modification studies on the alloy. The main methods include surface inert coating, surface oxidation, surface activation and surface grafting of macromolecules. Although the footholds are different, they can effectively inhibit the dissolution of Ni ions and improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of NiTi alloys.

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The superiority of TC4 titanium tube and TC11 titanium tube has become the first choice in the petroleum equipment industry

1), lower density

Can significantly reduce the string load, especially ultra-deep oil well pipe.

2), higher strength

Including tensile strength, creep strength, fatigue strength, etc. 　　 the specific strength of different materials at different temperatures.

3), excellent corrosion resistance

Excellent seawater corrosion resistance

4) Wide operating temperature range

The operating temperature of conventional titanium alloy ranges from minus 269 ℃ to minus 600 ℃.

5), large elastic deformation capacity

Titanium alloy has high yield strength and low elastic modulus (E), so it is very suitable for springs and other parts, and more importantly, it is suitable for large-reach horizontal wells.

6), lower expansion coefficient

This feature makes petroleum equipment more adaptable to temperature changes and reduces the internal stress of structural parts.

7), non-magnetic

Meet the requirements of normal use of some detection, communication and control methods in various equipment.

8), better processing performance

Titanium gold usually has good process properties such as casting, forging, welding, 3D printing, etc., which is often an important factor in the selection process of various engineering materials.

In the 1980s, the research and application of titanium alloy pipes in the petroleum industry began in foreign countries. Chinese companies have also made certain progress in the development of titanium alloy tubing and casing pipes, and the current products have been initially tested. I believe that in the near future, titanium alloys will have more applications in the petroleum equipment industry, and new breakthroughs will be made in the world industry as soon as possible.

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