Chemical properties of titanium materials such as titanium rods and titanium wires

Whether it is the development of the marine economy or the development of the modern navy, it is necessary to develop a series of marine engineering equipment. Practice has shown that advanced offshore equipment, whether it is deep-sea oil and gas exploration equipment, nuclear submarines, deep submersibles and other equipment, are all titanium-related equipment. Lightweight and corrosion-resistant titanium and titanium alloy materials can be used to achieve high-efficiency offshore equipment. , Long life and high reliability make a major contribution.

At present, the time is ripe to accelerate the development of titanium for marine engineering. my country is already a big country in the world's titanium industry. It has a relatively complete titanium R&D-production-application system, large-scale production capacity and many application technology reserves. It is not only necessary but also feasible to accelerate the development of titanium for marine engineering. Compared with commonly used materials such as steel, stainless steel, copper and aluminum, the most prominent features of titanium are low density, high specific strength, and strong corrosion resistance. At the same time, it is also resistant to seawater erosion, non-magnetic, non-cold brittleness, and high sound permeability. The coefficients and other properties are convenient for forming, casting, and welding, making it widely applicable to various marine engineering.

Titanium can be used in ocean engineering, but there are also some shortcomings and problems worth noting. Titanium alloy materials for marine engineering face many challenges, mainly in five aspects:

1. Titanium production

Due to the high melting point of titanium (1668°C), high resistance to high temperature deformation, and narrow thermal processing temperature zone, it is difficult to produce titanium materials, especially large-size, high-performance titanium materials. Not only a large vacuum melting furnace (vacuum electric arc furnace, electron beam cooling bed furnace, etc.) is required, but also heavy pressure processing equipment (forging press, rolling mill, extruder, etc.) is required. Titanium production unit product investment is huge, up to 300,000 ~ 400,000/ton. The equipment capacity of titanium production is equal to or greater than that of steel of the same specification, and its output and equipment utilization are only a few tenths of it, resulting in high production costs.

2. Product design

Titanium has a high flex-strength ratio (above 0.9), a high welding strength coefficient (above 0.9), and a low modulus of elasticity, thermal conductivity and damping coefficient. Under certain conditions, titanium will have crevice corrosion, contact galvanic corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement. Due to these physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics of titanium, the design of titanium equipment is required to adopt new design specifications and technical specifications (such as safety factor, corrosion margin, fire and explosion prevention measures, structural form, weld form, etc.). Titanium materials have a small damping coefficient (except for TiNi shape memory alloys), and they will vibrate during use. Therefore, anti-vibration and vibration reduction measures must be taken. Titanium has only a few decades of history in the industrial field, there is little design experience, and many issues remain to be explored.

3. Product manufacturing　　

Due to the low modulus of elasticity of titanium, large springback during cold working, low thermal conductivity, easy abrasion and scratches on the surface, etc., it brings certain difficulties to the molding, heat treatment, and machining of titanium parts. Mature technology It takes a long time to explore.

4. Titanium material application

Due to the strong corrosion resistance of titanium, many titanium equipment are "permanent" or semi-permanent equipment, and the equipment assessment cycle is very long, so that the first, second, and third generation engineers and technicians of the equipment user can not fully grasp the application history data of a certain equipment , It is impossible to make a comprehensive and objective evaluation of the use effect of titanium equipment.

5. Material selection concept

It is still difficult for most people to break through the inertial thinking that "titanium is too expensive". In the case of limited investment capacity, it is difficult to use titanium, which is 5-10 times more expensive than hull steel, to replace steel or copper to manufacture offshore equipment. Relatively speaking, the one-time investment of titanium equipment is indeed very large, and the technical and economic advantages of titanium equipment are mainly reflected by the "full life cost", that is, mainly by long-term benefits. Titanium should be expanded in marine engineering, and a lot of work must be done in benefit evaluation and publicity.
titanium hexagon rod     Gr12 Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni Titanium Plate     titanium metric screw     F3 Pure Titanium Forging