For countries in the world, aviation R&D and manufacturing industries are both systems engineering, often involving many industries and fields. Especially in the military industry, a fighter jet consists of a huge component system, and the most important thing is the engine. In the core technology link of engine R&D and production, materials are a prerequisite. In recent years, the concept of titanium alloy as engine material has become a global consensus. With the continuous improvement of my country's independent research and development technology, Chinese researchers have begun to realize the development and utilization of this high-tech material. It is worth mentioning that, as a resource-rich country, China itself is rich in titanium metal deposits. With the continuous improvement and upgrading of titanium alloy technology, including the F-20, many new fighters in China are expected to be modified with titanium alloy engines in the future. Improve performance level.
Why is titanium the most suitable as an engine material? First of all, in terms of its characteristics, the high strength of titanium is unique among many metal elements, far exceeding common aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, and stainless steel. At the same time, it can maintain long-term stable work in a high-temperature environment of 450 to 500 ℃, and it also has comprehensive advantages such as good corrosion resistance, good low-temperature performance, high chemical activity, low thermal conductivity, and low elastic modulus. Said to be the most suitable manufacturing material for aero engines. Data shows that three-quarters of the titanium alloy materials currently produced worldwide are used in the aerospace industry.
As we all know, with the continuous surpassing of aviation research and development technology, the latest generation of aircraft, whether it is a civil aviation model or a military model, has higher and higher requirements for engines. In particular, the most critical performance-thrust-to-weight ratio has become a standard performance indicator for an advanced aircraft. From the early jet era generally only had a thrust-to-weight ratio of 2 to 3, to a thrust-to-weight ratio of more than 10 in the supersonic era today, it is due to the continuous upgrading of modern aero-engine materials. From the perspective of aeronautical theory, reducing the weight of an engine is the most critical way to improve the thrust-to-weight ratio of the engine. Because the density of titanium is only 40% of steel, but it has the same strength, its melting point of 1668℃ is also the most suitable high-temperature metal material for the manufacture of aero engines.
For a long time, my country has been catching up with European and American powers in independent engine research and development. Especially in the exploration and research of high-temperature-resistant titanium alloy materials, it has gradually shortened the gap with world-class countries. Previously, using titanium alloys as materials, our scientific research team has developed a variety of aero-engine materials such as TC-4, TC-11, TC-14, etc., especially the 550℃ high-temperature resistant titanium alloy TA-12 came out in the 1990s. It laid a solid foundation for the follow-up research and development of the fourth-generation domestic fighters.
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