Classification of titanium alloys by use in shipbuilding, metallurgy and civil applications

Titanium alloys can be divided into structural titanium alloys, heat-resistant titanium alloys, corrosion-resistant alloys, low-temperature alloys, and special functional alloys (memory alloys, superconducting alloys, hydrogen storage alloys), etc. according to their uses.

1. Structural titanium alloy

Low-strength titanium alloys are mainly used for corrosion-resistant titanium alloys. Other titanium alloys are used for structural parts called structural alloys. In practical applications, structural titanium alloys are divided into normal-strength titanium alloys, medium-strength titanium alloys, and high-strength titanium alloys alloy. Ordinary-strength titanium alloy: Because of its good processing and formability and weldability, it is mostly used to manufacture various aviation sheet parts, hydraulic pipes, bicycles and other civilian products. Medium-strength titanium alloy: The typical alloy is TC4, which is mostly used in high-tech industries such as aerospace and rocket launches. High-strength titanium alloy: generally used to replace the high-degree structural steel commonly used in aircraft structures.

2. Heat-resistant titanium alloy

Refers to a titanium alloy suitable for long-term work at higher temperatures. It has a high instantaneous enduring strength in the entire working temperature range, good plasticity at room temperature, good creep resistance and good thermal stability, and fatigue resistance at room temperature and high temperature. It is mostly used to manufacture the disks, blades, air intake receivers and structural parts of aircraft parts.

3. Corrosion-resistant titanium alloy

Refers to suitable for the application of titanium alloys in strongly corrosive media. Corrosion-resistant titanium alloys are mainly low-strength alloys, such as titanium-molybdenum, titanium targets, titanium-molybdenum targets, titanium-nickel, titanium-tantalum and other alloys.

4. Low-temperature titanium alloy

It refers to α and α-β titanium alloys suitable for low-temperature use. The strength of this type of titanium alloy increases with the decrease of temperature, and the toughness rarely decreases with the decrease of temperature. It can be used as low-temperature structural parts. It has been widely used in shipbuilding, chemical industry, metallurgy, medical treatment, etc.

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Market application prospects of titanium materials such as titanium forgings, titanium tubes, etc.

Titanium alloy materials such as titanium forgings and titanium tubes have high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, and satisfactory overall performance and processing performance, making them very dynamic structural materials in the military and civilian fields after the 1950s. In the field of aerospace, titanium alloy materials are mainly used as structural parts of aircraft engines: compressor discs, blades, drums, wind deflectors, compressor casings, high-pressure compressor rotors, shafts, aircraft landing gear, bulkheads, Shell, skin, etc. In civilian use, golf heads, artificial joints, civilian bicycles, various titanium containers (pressure vessels, chemical, electroplating baths), etc. have also entered people's lives. The market application prospects of titanium alloy materials such as titanium forgings and titanium tubes can be subdivided into:

1. Technology:

Forming and powder metallurgy technology, corrosion-resistant titanium alloy, high-temperature titanium alloy, high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy, new processing technology, new technology, coating technology, sponge titanium preparation technology, functional and medical titanium alloy, titanium-based composite material, titanium welding Technology etc.;

2. Equipment category:

Mineral processing equipment, metallurgical equipment, smelting equipment, casting equipment, welding equipment, processing equipment, heat treatment equipment, special processing and forming equipment, instrumentation, etc.;

3. Basic category:

Titanium ore, titanium sponge, titanium powder, plates, bars, wires, cakes, rings, pipes, strips, foils, capillaries, various alloys, etc.;

4. Application category:

①Reactors, autoclaves, heat exchangers, evaporators, filters, condensers, radiators, reaction towers, fractionation towers, regeneration towers, rectification towers, washing towers, pipe pump valves, standards used in the petrochemical industry Pieces and other titanium products;

② Titanium products such as compressor plates, high-pressure vessels, blades, casings, brackets, landing gears, ducts, doors, and tie rods used in the aerospace industry;

③Sports and leisure products and crafts: golf heads, bicycles, model airplanes, rackets, climbing equipment, glasses, watches, jewelry, tableware, etc.;

④Various titanium alloy pipe pump valves, evaporation tanks, heat exchangers, circulation tanks, etc. used in the salt industry;

⑤Titanium products such as condensers, condensers, tube sheets, cold oil pipes, turbine blades in the power industry;

⑥ Titanium materials used in the shipbuilding industry to manufacture pressure hulls, structural parts, buoyancy spheres, propellers, propulsion shafts, pipe pump valves, etc.;

⑦Titanium teeth, heart valves, diaphragms, stents, bone joints and fixation screws, titanium bones, titanium surgical instruments and other medical titanium products used in the medical industry;

⑧ Various titanium alloy decorative materials used for high-level decoration in the construction industry;

⑨ Titanium products used in metallurgy, electromechanics, weapons, automobiles, and textile industries.

5. Scientific publications, titanium technology reference books, etc.

With the continuous expansion of the scope of application of titanium alloy materials and the increasing usage, it will surely promote the new progress of the titanium industry and bring about the era of titanium alloys in the development of new materials and industrial production applications.

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Introduction of titanium and titanium alloy powder

At present, my country's economy maintains rapid and healthy development, which provides a good market environment for the development of the domestic titanium industry. The rapid development of domestic titanium for the chemical industry, titanium for electric power, titanium for marine development, titanium for the automobile industry, titanium for biological engineering, etc., especially China’s newly launched large aircraft plan has greatly stimulated the demand for titanium in the domestic market. Both have become the main driving force for the development of the domestic titanium industry. This is not only a huge development opportunity for domestic titanium alloy manufacturers but also a severe challenge to the domestic titanium alloy industry. This requires titanium alloy companies to improve the technical content of their products, optimize the industrial structure, and improve their management level. It is believed that after several years of catching up, China's titanium industry can play an increasingly important role in the global titanium industry.

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What is the main purpose of titanium alloy?

In recent years, the standardized production of titanium tubes has appeared in our market, which is also an innovation in product application, greatly increasing its service life and enhancing the application of titanium. The titanium alloy elbows produced by this process have a uniform wall thickness, which introduces the production and development of market product accessories standards, as well as market production and standardization.

Corrosion of titanium pipes is a serious destructive factor in current industrial development. According to relevant media reports, the annual loss of steel due to corrosion is more than 10,000 tons, and the transportation of flammable, explosive, damaging, and corrosive media has dangerous factors. Therefore, the higher the requirements for titanium alloy pipe fittings.

Titanium has the advantages of high strength, lightweight, good heat transfer performance, corrosion resistance, etc., and has been widely used in the chemical industry. These characteristics of titanium make it a relatively economical method to solve chemical engineering problems. Although the investment cost of titanium is higher than that of general performance materials, titanium has been widely used in the chemical industry. According to life cycle analysis, it can be used Reduce maintenance, shorten downtime, increase product quality and increase product life to reduce production costs.

At present, titanium tubes have been widely used in chemical, petroleum, petrochemical, vacuum salt production, preparations, ocean engineering, electric power and other industries. Titanium is widely used in corrosive media due to its good corrosion resistance, such as ion-exchange membrane caustic soda, propylene oxide, etc. Titanium materials have been widely used in equipment and pipelines, and product media are also used in formic acid and methane. Chloride and other projects to solve the problem of pipeline corrosion.

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What is the difference between titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy? Which is the best?

Ti-50%Ni (atomic fraction) alloy has the ability to restore the original shape under certain temperature conditions, so it is called titanium shape memory alloy.

NbTi alloy, when the temperature drops to close to zero, the conductor made of NbTi alloy will lose resistance, so that any large current will pass, the conductor will not heat up, and will not generate energy consumption, so NbTi alloy is called superconducting material.

Ti-50%Fe (atomic fraction) alloy has the ability to absorb a large amount of hydrogen. Using this feature of ferrotitanium alloy, hydrogen can be stored safely, that is, without using steel high-pressure cylinders to store hydrogen. Under certain conditions, the titanium-iron alloy can also release hydrogen, so it is called hydrogen storage material.

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Titanium and titanium alloy pipe installation technology introduction

Generally speaking, titanium tube is the preferred metal material for heating equipment of nitric acid solution. Baoji titanium pipe has better corrosion resistance in oxidizing media (such as nitric acid, chromic acid, hypochlorous acid and perchloric acid, etc.). In reducing acids, the addition of heavy metal salts can play a significant role in corrosion inhibition. The corrosion resistance of titanium palladium alloy and titanium nickel molybdenum alloy is much higher than that of industrial pure titanium.

In reducing acid (such as dilute sulfuric acid solution, hydrochloric acid solution, etc.), due to the destruction of the passivation of the oxide film, the corrosion rate is relatively fast, and it increases with the increase of temperature and concentration. The titanium heat exchanger is subjected to 60% nitric acid at about 193°C, and no corrosion has been found after many years of use. In the boiling 40% and 68% nitric acid, there was some corrosion at the beginning. After a short time, the passiveness of titanium recovered and the corrosion rate was significantly reduced. It may be related to the corrosion inhibition effect of titanium ions.

If the temperature is so high that the solution boils, the sulfuric acid temperature will still corrode even if it drops to 0.5%. When nitrogen is introduced into the sulfuric acid solution at the same temperature, the corrosion rate of titanium is significantly higher than that of air. This corrosion law is basically the same in other reducing inorganic acids. In the sulfuric acid with air at room temperature, industrial pure titanium can only withstand sulfuric acid solutions below 5%; if the temperature drops to about 0°C, the sulfuric acid concentration can be increased to 20%.

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What industry uses titanium plates, titanium rods and other raw materials?

Titanium is pure metal. Because of the "pureness" of titanium metal, when a substance comes in contact with it, there will be no chemical reaction. In other words, because of the high corrosion resistance and stability of titanium, it will not affect its essence after long-term contact with people, so it will not cause human allergies. It is the only one that has no effect on human autonomic nerves and taste. Metals are called "biophilic metals".

The biggest disadvantage of titanium is that it is difficult to extract. This is mainly because titanium can combine with oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and many other elements at high temperatures. Therefore, people once regarded titanium as a "rare metal". In fact, the content of titanium accounts for about 6‰ of the weight of the earth's crust, which is more than 10 times more than the sum of copper, tin, manganese and zinc.

Material characteristics: very high strength, excellent corrosion resistance in weight ratio, difficult to cold work, good weldability, about 40% lighter than steel, 60% heavier than aluminum, low conductivity, low thermal expansion, high melting point.

Typical applications: golf clubs, tennis rackets, portable computers, cameras, suitcases, surgical implants, aircraft skeletons, chemical appliances and marine equipment, etc. In addition, titanium is also used as a white pigment for paper, painting, and plastic.

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