Application of titanium alloy forgings such as titanium ring and titanium cake in aviation manufacturing

In the chemical industry and other application fields, high requirements are placed on semi-finished products and processed parts of titanium or titanium alloys. Therefore, in the fields of aviation and aerospace, the cost of developing inspection instruments and monitoring devices is particularly high. The price of the parts has a big impact. Titanium alloy has the highest tensile plasticity and can be welded in various ways. It can be used for a long time at a temperature of up to 250 degrees Celsius. It is mainly used to make various structural parts of aircraft and engines that are not stressed. Industrial pure titanium has good plasticity, can form various sheet metal stamping parts in a cold state, and has relatively high corrosion resistance. Ti5Al2.5Sn titanium alloy has a moderate room temperature tensile strength (800 degrees Celsius 1000MPa and good welding performance. Compared with industrial pure titanium, the new titanium alloy mainly includes various levels of industrial pure titanium and widely used Ti5Al2.5Sn For titanium alloys, the room temperature tensile strength of industrial pure titanium fluctuates within the range of 350 degrees Celsius and 700 MPa. Ti5Al2.5Sn alloy has slightly lower plasticity and higher thermal strength, and the long-term working temperature can reach 450 degrees Celsius.

With the rapid development of cutting-edge science and technology such as aviation, aerospace, and nuclear energy, the requirements for materials are becoming more and more stringent. Not only are the materials used for manufacturing these equipment parts to be corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and anti-fretting, but also require high resistance. temperature. It is necessary to pay attention to the long-term test, in many places, before the large-scale application of titanium to the chemical industry. Under the test conditions, cooperate to test its service life and material structure. If the lack of safety (immature) due to the use of conventional structural data is mostly indicated and the economic benefits are not great, then the first step is to gradually develop titanium and titanium alloys, and in recent decades, the development of high-level technology in the field of structural data Various other mature new materials. Therefore, the military sector has developed faster in the application field of titanium and its alloys than in the civilian field.

In many industrial media, rare earth metals and precious metals are mainly used for stability, or materials such as stainless steel can only reach a certain limit in corrosion resistance. Most application fields use titanium to obtain benefits due to its low density, corrosion resistance and high strength. So far. Moreover, the consumption cost is relatively high, so the application of titanium or titanium alloy can obtain relatively high corrosion resistance strength. The creep characteristics of hard titanium at temperatures exceeding 150T surpass that of aluminum and its alloys. Considering that compared with other materials, titanium alloys have the advantages of unique creep characteristics under the condition of low density. It is found that hard titanium is used in aircraft manufacturing and missile manufacturing. The importance of the application. The earliest application of titanium and titanium alloys is the aviation industry. Recently, the aviation industry has become increasingly urgent for high-strength and low-density materials, which has greatly promoted the development of titanium manufacturing. At present, titanium alloys are widely used as structural materials in many high-speed aircraft in the world.
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Difficulties in grinding and polishing titanium alloys

The preparation of metallographic samples of titanium and titanium alloys is more difficult than that of steel. The polishing and polishing efficiency is low. Excessive cutting and polishing will produce deformation twins in the α phase. After the deformation twins are generated, the microstructure of titanium The analysis will be disturbed.

Pure titanium is more suitable for cold mounting than hot pressure mounting, which may change the content and distribution of hydrogen in pure titanium. It is very difficult for pure titanium to remove scratches and plastic rheology during sample preparation.
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How to improve the yield rate of mechanical equipment titanium plate?

During the production and processing of titanium plates, many processes are involved, and each link is very important, which affects the quality and appearance of the titanium plates. If you are not careful, it will deviate from the ideal product specifications. So, what are the countermeasures?

Compared with other pipe materials, mechanical equipment titanium plate has a higher resistance to internal force and external pressure, better corrosion resistance and wear resistance. At the same time, it has the advantages of convenient construction, good interface sealing performance, and large operating safety factor. In recent years, there has been a rapid development momentum in the cast titanium material market. So how to improve the yield rate of mechanical equipment titanium plate?

In the production of this material, three quality problems, cracks, heavy leather, and slag inclusion, are more likely to occur. Cracks occur with the centrifugal pouring process, and the pouring criteria are unreasonable; heavy skin is related to pouring temperature and pouring speed; slag inclusion is related to metal chemical element content and slag removal.

The avoidance and control methods are 1. Improve the centrifugal equipment to effectively avoid cracks. Reduce the residence time of the titanium solution at high temperature, and strengthen the inoculation, especially the inoculation with the flow. The amount of inoculant used to control the flow is 0.1-0.25% of the amount of titanium liquid; to ensure that the pipe mold powder is evenly distributed, the amount of control inside and outside of the pipe mold is 20-30g/m2. Control the technical parameters of the water-cooled metal centrifuge.

2. Optimize technical parameters to reduce the weight of the tube body. Reasonably control the pouring temperature and the temperature of the cooling water inlet and outlet of the fuselage to shorten the interval between two castings. The temperature of the cooling water inlet of the control fuselage is 28-36℃, and the temperature of the outlet is 50-57℃. In the water-cooled metal centrifugal casting technology, avoid excessively high casting speed, adjust the suitable turning speed and host speed; ensure that the depth of the pipe mold is 0.25-0.3mm, the diameter is 4-5mm, point and point The marginal distance is 0.5-0.7mm.

3. Control the participation of materials to reduce the disadvantages of slag inclusion. In order to reduce the sulfur content in the titanium solution and reduce the occurrence of sulfides, W(S)<0.02% should be controlled; appropriately increasing the casting temperature is conducive to the floating of slag inclusions; the rare earth content in the nodulizer is not easy to be too high, and the rare earth content It is advisable to control 1-2%; strengthen the slag removal and slag blocking effect of the titanium liquid; the residual magnesium flow in the titanium liquid is not easy to be too high (control at 0.035-0.045%) to reduce the surface oxidation of the titanium liquid.

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Analysis of forging process of titanium alloy GR5 material

Titanium and titanium alloys have been favored by all walks of life this year due to their high strength, corrosion resistance, high specific strength, wear resistance, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, no magnetism, biophilicity, and rich resources.

And gradually in the oil drill pipe, oil exploration, oil drilling platform, vacuum coating, mining equipment, coal chemical equipment, pressure equipment accessories, high-temperature equipment accessories, deep-sea exploration equipment accessories, wear-resistant equipment accessories, corrosion-resistant equipment accessories, gas Drilling equipment, sports equipment, automobiles, motorcycles, computers, mobile phones, and other fields of high-pressure resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance have been widely used and promoted.

The cleaning technology of titanium alloy forgings has two aspects: one is the removal of oxide scale; the other is the removal of α shell layer. The rust can be removed by mechanical methods, such as sandblasting; or chemical methods, such as molten salt removal. The choice of rust removal method depends on the size, complexity and cost of the part.

Sandblasting is an effective method to remove scales. It can remove scales with a thickness of 0.13-0.76mm. Zirconium sand or steel grit with 100-150 mesh can be used. The pressure can reach 275Pa. Although sandblasting can be used for forgings of various sizes, it is mostly used for medium and large titanium alloy forgings. The sandblasting equipment can be equipped with abrasive rollers, shot blasting or sandblasting devices. Pickling is required after sandblasting to remove the α shell layer.

Salt-dissolving rust removal is another effective method to remove oxide scale, and acid washing is also followed to remove the alpha shell layer. A flow chart of rust removal and pickling, solution composition and related parameters are usually used. The shelf used for rust removal with dissolved salt is generally made of wood, titanium or stainless steel to prevent electric potential from being generated between the workpiece and the shelf, which may cause electrical erosion or arcing on the workpiece. Salt rust removal is often used for medium and small forgings. In the case of large quantities of forgings, the operating system can be fully automated.

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How to improve the corrosion resistance of TC4 titanium alloy

PdO-TiO2 and RuO2-Ti02 coatings can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of TC4 titanium alloy, especially the crevice corrosion resistance. The usual method is to apply a solution containing chlorinated fertilizer and titanium trichloride to the surface of the titanium alloy by brushing, and then thermally oxidize it at 500-700°C for tens of minutes after drying, and finally transform it into an oxide coating. The above operation is repeated several times until the weight gain of the coating reaches 1g/m2. The mass ratio of PdO and TiO2 in the coating is usually 7:3. The TC4 titanium alloy with this coating can form very light adhesion, and its technical know-how lies in the preparation of the solution. The acid solution corrodes the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy and generates a hydride layer, which is oxidized and decomposed by high temperature, which is the key to obtain excellent adhesion of the oxide coating.

The corrosion rate of pure titanium with PdO-TiO coating and pure titanium in 70% hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid can be seen: PdO-Ti02 coating can significantly improve the candle resistance of titanium in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid towels. Especially for phosphoric acid, the corrosion rate of the coating is stable, and almost increases with the increase of the acid content. The crevice corrosion resistance of the coating is also shown in table form. For the boiling sodium chloride solution, under the condition of 3 kinds of NaCl mass fractions (each mass fraction is adjusted to 3 pH values), using the opposite test method, the coating sample does not have crevice corrosion. Even in a 12% sodium chloride solution, a mass fraction of 47% is not a cause of crevice corrosion. Crevice corrosion occurs only in 42% boiling magnesium chloride solution. For industrial pure titanium, crevice corrosion can be seen in all the above solutions.

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Why is titanium alloy so suitable for submarines? What are its advantages?

With the development of naval equipment, the requirements for naval equipment are getting higher and higher, and traditional steel, iron, aluminum, magnesium and other metals and their alloys can no longer meet the requirements in many fields. Titanium alloys are receiving increasing attention from ships and marine engineering equipment due to their excellent properties and are called "marine metals". As the core of "naval equipment", submarines are the backbone of strategic nuclear forces and play a pivotal role. Can the use of titanium alloys to make submarines bring new breakthroughs in performance to submarines?

Specific strength refers to the ratio of material strength to density. The greater the specific strength, the smaller the structural weight can be obtained with the same strength design, and the higher the strength can be obtained with the same structural quality. The high specific strength can make the equipment design more compact, greatly reduce the structural quality, and improve the safety of the equipment.

The effect of high specific strength on pressure shell

When the submarine structure is timed, the submarine's ultimate diving depth is proportional to the product of the yield strength of the shell material and the shell thickness. Increasing the diving depth by thickening the pressure shell will reduce the effective load of the submarine. If the effective load is maintained, the size of the submarine will be increased to the extent that it cannot be used, thereby reducing the overall performance of the submarine. Therefore, we must consider the use of higher specific strength materials.

Although the yield strength of titanium alloy is not as good as that of high-strength steel, it has a lower density and higher specific strength. It is the best among several materials currently available for submarine shells. Therefore, titanium alloy is used for submarine and deep submersible The pressure shell material is very advantageous.

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Development characteristics of titanium alloy materials and titanium product processing technology

Due to the high manufacturing cost of titanium alloys, in order to reduce costs, the competitiveness of titanium alloys in the entire metal material market has been improved at a lower price. It is generally believed that titanium has incomparable superior performance compared to other materials, but the price of titanium often discourages consumers (especially car manufacturers). The emergence of high-quality, low-cost titanium alloys will certainly help the popularization and application of titanium and titanium alloys.

Judging from the application status at home and abroad and the development of titanium processing technology, the plastic processing technology of titanium and titanium alloys will develop in the following directions in the future:

1) High performance, that is, the development of alloys with higher service temperature, higher specific strength, higher specific modulus, better corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

2) Multi-function, namely the development of titanium alloys with various special functions and uses, such as high damping, low expansion, constant resistance, high resistance, resistance to electrolytic passivation and hydrogen storage, shape memory, superconductivity, low modulus biomedical Other titanium alloys, and further expand the application of titanium and titanium alloys.

3) Deepen the research of traditional alloys, improve the practical performance of existing alloys, and expand the application range of traditional alloys through the improvement of equipment and processes.

4) Adopt advanced processing technology and large-scale continuous processing equipment to develop continuous processing technology, direct rolling technology, cold forming technology and near-net forming technology to improve the production efficiency, yield and product performance of titanium alloys.

5) Reduce costs, develop alloys that contain no or almost no precious metal elements, and add cheap elements such as iron, oxygen and nitrogen, and develop titanium alloys that are easy to process and shape, easy to cut, and have cheap alloy elements and master alloys. Develop titanium alloys and use banned materials to increase the recovery rate and utilization rate of banned titanium. This is particularly important for reducing the cost of civilian titanium alloys.

6) Use advanced computer technology to simulate the deformation and processing of the workpiece, predict the evolution of the metal microstructure, and even predict the mechanical properties of the product (yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, hardness, etc.). ), and design or improve molds and tooling; analyze and process test results, reduce test volume, improve work efficiency, and reduce development costs.

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